R A D O N in the Living Environment

Paper Number

Title

Authors

1

2

A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO INTEGRATED INDOOR AIR MITIGATION: GRAPH INVARIANTS CORRELATION AND SUBFLOOR-VENTILATION LAB TESTS

N. L. Helal, F. Steinhausler, and R. Winkler

Institute of Physics and Biophysics,University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria

3

RADON PROTECTION FOR NEW BUILDINGS: A PRACTICAL SOLUTION FROM THE UK

C.R.Scivyer

Building Research Establishment Limited,   Watford, U.K.

4

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP FOR MEASURING DIFFUSIVE AND ADVECTIVE TRANSPORT OF RADON THROUGH BUILDING MATERIALS

M. van der Pal¹, E.R. van der Graaf², R.J. de Meijer², M.H. de Wit¹ and N.A. Hendriks¹

1) Department of the Physical Aspects of the Built Environment, Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

2) Nuclear Geophysics Division, Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut, Groningen, The Netherlands.

5

6

ANALYSIS OF CHAOTIC BEHAVIOR OF INDOOR RADON CONCENTRATIONS

G. Pausch¹, P. Bossew¹, W. Hofmann¹ and F. Steger²

1: Institute of Physics and Biophysics, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria

2: Division of Radiation Protection, Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria

7

E-PERM® PASSIVE INTEGRATING ELECTRET IONIZATION CHAMBERS FOR MEASURING RADON IN AIR, THORON IN AIR, RADON IN WATER AND RADON FLUX FROM SURFACES/BUILDING MATERIALS

Carolyn Allen and Paul Kotrappa

RAD ELEC INC. 5714-C Industry Lane Frederick, USA

8

THE RESULTS OF THE LITHUANIAN RADON SURVEY

Gendrutis Morkunas¹ and Gustav Akerblom²

1) Radiation Protection Centre, Kalvariju 153, LT-2042, Vilnius, Lithuania

2) Swedish Radiation Protection Institute, SE-171 16, Stockholm, Sweden

9

RADON AND THORON PROGENY MEASUREMENTS IN DWELLINGS OF NORTHERN GREECE

A. Clouvas, S. Xanthos and M. Antonopoulos-Domis

Nuclear Technology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer, Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

10

THE AUSTRIAN RADON PROJECT

H. Friedmann¹, C. Atzmuller², L. Breitenhuber³, P. Brunner⁴, K. Fink⁵,

K. Fritsche⁶, W. Hofmann², H. Kaineder⁷, P. Karacson⁸, V. Karg⁹, P. Kindl³, C. Kralik⁹, J. Krischan¹⁰, H. Lettner², F. J. Maringer¹¹, E. Nadschlager⁷, W. Ringer¹², F. Schoenhofer⁹, P. Schoenleitner¹³, S. Sperker⁷, H. Stadtmann¹⁴, F. Steger¹⁴, F. Steinhausler² and R. Winkler²

1)Institut fur Radiumforschung und Kernphysik, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

2)Institut fur Physik und Biophysik, University of Salzburg, Austria

3)Institut fur Kernphysik, Technical University of Graz, Austria

4)Institut fur Analytische Chemie, University of Innsbruck, Austria

5)Amt der Stmk. Landesregierung, Graz, Austria

6)Amt der Vorarlberger Landesregierung, Bregenz, Austria

7)Amt der Oberosterreichischen Landesregierung, Linz, Austria

8)Amt der NO Landesregierung, St. Polten, Austria

9)Bundesanstalt fur Lebensmitteluntersuchung und-forschung, Vienna, Austria 10)Amt der Karntner Landesregierung, Klagenfurt, Austria

11)Bundesversuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Arsenal, Geotechnisches Institut, Vienna, Austria

12)Bundesanstalt fur Lebensmitteluntersuchung, Linz, Austria

13)Amt der Salzburger Landesregierung, Salzburg, Austria

14)Osterreichisches Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf, Seibersdorf, Austria.

11

CALIBRATION OF INSTRUMENTS MEASURING RADON OVER A LARGE ACTIVITY RANGE

N. Michielsen and V. Voisin

Institut de Protection et de Surete Nucleaire, Departement de Prevention et d’Etude des Accidents, Service d’Etudes et de Recherches en Aerocontamination et en Confinement, CEA/Saclay, France.

12

THE PRESENT STATUS OF THE RADON PROGRAM IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Andreas C. George and Nancy Bredhoff

Radon Testing Corporation of America, New York, US.

13

A NEW METHOD TO CONTROL HEALTH EFFECTS OF RADON INDOOR POLLUTION (STEP II)

S.Lo Nigro¹, F.Patania¹ and M.Roccaforte²

1) Physics Department Catania University, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania

2) Applied Physic Institute of Catania University, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125 Catania-Italy

14

THE COST EFFECTIVENESS OF RADON REMEDIATION PROGRAMMES IN HOSPITALS, SCHOOLS AND HOMES IN RADON AFFECTED AREAS IN THE UK

A.R.Denman¹, P.S.Phillips², and R. Tornberg³

1) Medical Physics Department, Northampton General Hospital, Northampton, and   Visiting Fellow in Medical Physics, University College, Northampton, UK

2) School of Environmental Science, University College, Northampton, UK

3) Radon Centres Ltd, Grove Farm, Moulton, Northampton, UK

15

THE RADIATION DOSES RECEIVED FROM RADON BY RECREATIONAL CAVERS USING CAVES IN THE MENDIP HILLS, UK.

M. Sperrin¹, A.R.Denman², and P.S.Phillips³

1) Department of Medical Physics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Swindon, UK

2) Medical Physics Department, Northampton General Hospital, and Visiting Fellow in Medical Physics, University College, Northampton, UK

3) School of Environmental Science, University College, Northampton, UK

17

16

< DERIVATION of Radon potential of the building site from indoor radon data

J.Hulka¹, L.Tomasek¹, I.Fojtikova¹ and M.Jiranek²

1) Statni ustav radiacni ochrany Praha, (National Radiation Protection Institute )

Srobarova 48, 100 00 Praha, Czech Republic

2) Technical University,   Praha

18

THORON SPIKE TEST FOR PASSIVE RADON DETECTORS

S.Tokonami¹, M.Yang², T.Sanada³, H.Climent¹ and M.Furukawa¹
1) National Institute of Radiological Sciences,
4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
2) Research Institute of Uranium Mining,
P.O. Box 48, Hengyang, Hunan, China
3) Japan Chemical Analysis Center, 295-3 Sanno-cho, Inage,
Chiba 263-0002, Japan

19

RADON EXPOSURE AND LUNG CANCER RISK - CZECH COHORT STUDY ON RESIDENTIAL RADON

L. Tomasek¹, E. Kunz¹, T. Muller¹, J. Hulka¹, A. Heribanova², J. Matzner², V. Placek³, I. Burian³, and J. Holecek³

1) National Radiation Protection Institute, Prague, Czech Republic

2) State Office for Nuclear Safety, Prague, Czech Republic,

3) Institute for Emergency Medicine and Expertise, Pribram-Kamenna, Czech Republic

20

APPLICATION OF FIELD AND LABORATORY METHODS

DETERMINATION OF RADON EXHALATION

RAW MATERIALS AND WALLS IN EXISTING BUILDINGS

G.Just¹  and H.von Philipsborn²

 FRB, Forschungsburo Radon und Balneologie, Seifertshainer Strabe 6,

D-04463 Grobposna

2) University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg

21

TEACHING RADON IN THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT - SCHOOL EXPERIMENTS WITH AIR, LIQUIDS, AND SOLIDS

H. von Philipsborn¹ and R. Geipel²

1) University of Regensburg, Regensburg

2) Private Schulen Pindl, Regensburg

22

23

KARST GEOLOGY, RADON FLUCTUATIONS, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR MEASUREMENT AND MITIGATION

Jack R. Hughes, Brad Turk, Robby Cardwell, Patsy Brooks, Gene Fisher, Marsha White, Francis Fitzgerald, David Wilson and James O. Bryant, Jr.

Southern Regional Radon Training Center, Engineering Extension Service, Auburn University

24

INDOOR RADON CONCENTRATIONS CAUSED BY CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS IN 23 WORKPLACES

Pirjo Korhonen^1,2, Raimo Halonen², Pentti Kalliokoski² and Helmi Kokotti²
1) Uusimaa Regional Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
2) University of Kuopio, Department of Environmental Sciences Kuopio, Finland

25

RADON CONCENTRATIONS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT FACTORS IN TWO OFFICE BUILDINGS

Raimo Halonen, Pirjo Korhonen, Pentti Kalliokoski and Helmi Kokotti, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland

26

DEPENDENCE OF RADON CONCENTRATION ON PRESSURE DIFFERENCE IN A CRAWL-SPACE

H. Kokotti, T. Keskikuru, R. Halonen and P. Kalliokoski

Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland

27

RADIOACTIVITY IN BUILDING MATERIALS ONORM S 5200: A STANDARD IN AUSTRIA TO LIMIT   NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN BUILDING MATERIALS   (REVISED AND DEFINITE VERSION)

F. Steger¹ and K. Grun²

1) Austrian Research Centers Seibersdorf, Seibersdorf,

2)Austrian Standards Institute ON, Vienna

28

PERFORMANCE TEST OF AN ACTIVE SUB-SLAB DEPRESSURIZATION SYSTEM DEVELOPED FOR A RADON TEST-HOUSE

M.C. Akis^1,2, H. Stadtmann¹ , P. Kindl² and F. Steger¹

1) Austrian Research Centre Seibersdorf, Dep. Radiation Protection, Seibersdorf, Austria,

2) Graz University of Technology, Institute of Technical Physics, Graz, Austria

29

DETERMINATION OF PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION AND RADON-LADEN  SOIL-GAS FLOW CONDITIONS INDUCED BY AN ACTIVE SUB-SLAB DEPRESSURIZATION SYSTEM

M.C. Akis^1,2, H. Stadtmann¹ , P. Kindl² and F. Steger¹

1) Austrian Research Centre Seibersdorf, Dep. Radiation Protection, Seibersdorf, Austria

2) Graz University of Technology, Institute of Technical Physics, Graz, Austria

30

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS APPLIED TO RADON AND NATURAL EVENTS

H. Climent, S. Tokonami and M. Furukawa

Human Radiation Environment Division, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan

31

RADON STUDIES IN THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE COUNTRIES

Ildiko Mocsy¹ and Gyorgy   Koteles²

1) Institute of Public Health Cluj, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,

2) National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene  Budapest, Hungary

32

RADON MEASUREMENT FROM TOURISTIC UNDERGROUND WATERS IN MARAMURES COUNTY

S. Morcovescu¹, C. Cosma² and J. Ferenczi³

1) Industrial Construction High School Baia Mare, Baia Mare, Romania

2) University “Babes-Bolyai”, Faculty of Physics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

3) Hygiene Laboratory of Baia Mare, Baia Mare, Romania

33

CASE STUDIES FROM A MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR RADON REDUCTION AND PREVENTION IN A COMMUNITY AFFECTED BY HISTORIC RADIUM WASTE IN CANADA

R. C. Barker, M. J. Gardiner and B.A. McCallum

Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Office, Ontario Canada

34

HOW DID WIND AFFECT THE RADON ENTRY INTO SEVEN DETACHED HOUSES

T. Keskikuru¹, H. Kokotti¹, S. Lammi² and P. Kalliokoski¹

University of Kuopio, 1) Department of Environmental Sciences and 2) Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Finland

35

THE RESULTS OF MEASUREMENTS OF RAWS   AND BUILDING MATERIALS IN POLAND IN THE CONTEXT OF  THE INDOOR ²²²Rn CONCENTRATION LIMITATION.

A.Zak, M.Biernacka, P.Lipinski and K.Mamont-Ciesla

Dosimetry Dept., Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Warsaw, Poland

36

FIELD TESTS OF A RADON PROGENY SAMPLER FOR THE DETERMINATION OF EFFECTIVE DOSE

S.B. Solomon

Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency, Victoria,  Australia

37

METHODS FOR MEASURING DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS OF RADON IN BUILDING MATERIALS

I.Cozmuta and E.R.van der Graaf

Nuclear Geophysics Division, Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut, University of Groningen, The Netherlands

38

SUB-SLAB DEPRESSURIZATION SYSTEMS: EFFECTIVENESS AND SOIL PERMEABILITY

Martin Jiranek¹, Matej Neznal² and Martin Neznal²

1) Czech Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Praha, Czech Republic

2) RADON v.o.s. corp., Praha, Czech Republic

39

COMPARISON OF INDOOR RADON MAPS   OBTAINED WITH DIFFERENT SOFTWARES AND METHODS

Francois Tondeur², Antoine Kies¹, Andre Robinet¹ and Huichao Zhu³

1) Centre Universitaire de Luxembourg (CUNLUX), Luxembourg

2) Institut Superieur Industriel de Bruxelles (ISIB), Bruxelles, Belgium

3) Faculte Polytechnique de Mons (FPMs), Mons, Belgium

40

INDOOR  RADON  MEASUREMENTS  IN  PATRAS, GREECE, WITH  SOLID  STATE NUCLEAR TRACK DETECTORS

H. Papaefthymiou¹,   A. Mauroudis¹ and P. Kritidis²

1) Division of Physical, Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece

2) NCSR   “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece

41

SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF A STATEWIDE RADON HAZARD SUB-CODE FOR RESIDENTIAL AND EDUCATIONAL NEW CONSTRUCTION

Ronald F. Simon¹ and Deborah Fisher²

1) Ecosphere Corporation, Technical Consultant, Eastern Regional Radon Training Center, Rutgers University

2) Director, Eastern Regional Radon Training Center, Rutgers University, Eastern Regional Radon Training Center, Rutgers University, New Jersey,   USA

42

43

44

THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A FORMALIZED TRAINING PROGRAM FOR SUCCESSFUL RADON MEASUREMENT AND MITIGATION TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

D. M. Fisher, A. Appleby, R. F. Simon, E. Christman and

Rutgers University, Eastern Regional Radon Training Center L. Koehler,

Piscataway,  NJ,  U.S.A.

45

46

RADIOACTIVITY IN BUILDING MATERIALS: EXPERIMENTAL METHODS, CALCULATIONS AND AN OVERVIEW OF THE ITALIAN SITUATION

S. Risica¹, C. Bolzan² and C. Nuccetelli¹

1) Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Health, (Istituto Superiore di Sanita),   Rome, Italy

2) Fellow of the Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Health

47

RADON EXHALATION RATE MEASUREMENTS ON AND AROUND THE PREMISES OF A FORMER COAL MINE

Peter Jovanovic

Institute of Occupational Safety, Ljubljana, Slovenia

48

SUB-SLAB DEPRESSURISATION: OVERVIEW OF IMPORTANT FAN CHARACTERISTICS ILLUSTRATED BY LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS

A.Bossaer, C.Delmotte, P.Voordecker, B.Ingelaere, L.Calberg  and P.Wouters
Division of Building Physics and Indoor Climate, Belgian Building Research Institute (BBRI), Bruxelles

49

APPLICABILITY OF VARIOUS INSULATING MATERIALS FOR RADON BARRIERS

Martin Jiranek¹ and Jiri Hulka²
1) Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil  Engineering, Praha, Czech Republic
2) National Radiation Protection Institute, Praha, Czech Republic

50

SOIL GAS MEASUREMENTS BELOW FOUNDATION DEPTH IMPROVE INDOOR RADON PREDICTION

H.U. Johner and H. Surbeck
Federal Office of Public Health, Environmental Radioactivity Survey, Fribourg, Switzerland

51

52

THE RELIABILITY OF RADON REDUCTION TECHNIQUES

C.B. Howarth

National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, UK

53

54

RADON HAZARD IN UPPER SILESIAN REGION

Jan Skowronek, Malgorzata Wysocka and Antoni Mielnikow

Central Mining Institute, Katowice, Poland

55

RADON MEASUREMENTS IN KINDERGARTENS IN AREA AFFECTED BY UNDERGROUND MINING

 Jan Skowronek, Malgorzata Wysocka, Antoni Mielnikow and Stanislaw Chalupnik

Laboratory of Radiometry, Central Mining Institute, Katowice, Poland

56

RADON RISK   MAPPING IN SOUTHERN BELGIUM:   AN APPLICATION OF GEOSTATISTICAL AND GIS TECHNIQUES

H.C. Zhu¹ ,   J.M. Charlet¹   and  A.Poffijn²

1) Faculte Polytechnique de Mons, Mons, Belgium

2) Ministry of   Public Health, Radiation Protection Unit

57

EXPERIENCE FROM RETROSPECTIVE RADON EXPOSURE ESTIMATIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS IN A RADON-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY USING SOLID STATE NUCLEAR TRACK DETECTORS.

R. Falk¹, K. Almren² and I. Ostergren¹
1) Swedish Radiation Protection Institute (SSI), Stockholm, Sweden
2) Division of Environmental Epidemiology, National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

58

INDOOR RADON MAPPING IN FINLAND

Anne Voutilainen and Ilona Makelainen
STUK (Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority), Finland

59

VENTILATION AND RADON TRANSPORT IN DUTCH DWELLINGS:
COMPUTER MODELLING AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS

Johan Lembrechts, Martien Janssen and Paul Stoop
RIVM, Laboratory of Radiation Research, Bilthoven, The Netherlands

60

THE SWISS RADON PROGRAMME

G. Piller, G.A. Roserens and W. Zeller
Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, Division of Radiation Protection, Bern

61

62

RADON IN A TOURIST CAVE: A ONE YEAR CONTINUOUS SURVEY OF THE CONCENTRATIONS OF ATTACHED AND UNATTACHED RADON PROGENY AND RADON

W. Zahorowski¹, S. Whittlestone¹, J. James² and S. Solomon³

1) ANSTO, PMB 1, Menai, Australia

2) Dept. of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Australia

3) ARPANSA, Lower Plenty Rd, Yallambie, Australia

63

64

NUMERICAL MODELLING OF RADON-222 ENTRY INTO HOUSES: AN OUTLINE OF TECHNIQUES AND RESULTS

Claus E. Andersen

Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark

65

MAPPING INDOOR RADON-222 IN DENMARK: DESIGN AND TEST OF THE STATISTICAL MODEL USED IN THE SECOND NATION-WIDE SURVEY

Claus E. Andersen¹, Kaare Ulbak², Anders Damkjaer¹, Peter Kirkegaard¹ and Peter Gravesen³

1) Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark

2) National Institute of Radiation Hygiene, Herlev, Denmark

3) Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark

66

RADON CONTROL IN ESTONIA

L. Pahapill¹ and G.Akerblom²

1) Estonian Radiation Protection Centre, Tallinn, Estonia

2) Swedish Radiation Protection Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

67

Rn-MITIGATION IN A TRADITIONAL AUSTRIAN FARMHOUSE

H. Lettner, R. Rolle, R. Winkler and F. Steinhausler

Institute of Physics and Biophysics, University of Salzburg, Austria

68

69

G.-A.Roserens, G.Piller and M.Jungck

Swiss Federal of Public Health, 3003 Bern, Switzerland

70

COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF RADON REMEDIATION PROGRAMMES

Christine A. Kennedy and Alastair M. Gray

Health Economics Research Centre, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

71

THE INFLUENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL AND SOIL PARAMETERS ON RADON EXHALATION

H.Kojima and K.Nagano

Dep.Liberal Arts, Faculty of Science and Technology, Science University of Tokyo, JAPAN

72

VARIABILITY OF RADON ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN SOIL GAS DUE TO CHANGES IN GROUNDWATER TABLE AND METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS - FIRST RESULTS OF A CONTINUOUS LONG TERM RADON MONITORING

M.Valdivia-Manchego¹, R.Stegemann¹, S.Leonardi², K.Lehmann² and A.Siehl¹

[1] ) Institute of Geology, University of Bonn , Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany

2 ) Institute of Geology, University of Bonn, Section Applied Geophysics,

Nussallee 8 , D-53115 Bonn, Germany

73

MAPPING THE GEOGENIC RADON POTENTIAL IN GERMANY

J. Kemski², A. Siehl¹, R. Stegemann¹ and M. Valdivia-Manchego¹

1) Institute of Geology, University of Bonn, Germany

2) Kemski, Klingel & Veerhoff, Bonn, Germany

74

75

76

IDENTIFYING ENHANCED RADON HOMES ON THE GEOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL BASIS IN SELECTED REGIONS IN POLAND

M.Kusyk¹, S.Wolkowicz², R.Strzelecki² and K.Mamont-Ciesla¹

1) Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, ul. Konwaliowa 7, 03-194 Warsaw

2)  Polish Geological Institute, ul. Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warsaw, Poland

77

FACTORS AFFECTING INDOOR RADON CONCENTRATIONS IN GREECE

A. Louizi, D. Nikolopoulos, H. Lobotessi and C. Proukakis

Medical Physics Department, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece

78

EXPOSURE OF THE POPULATION OF SOUTHERN GREECE TO RADON RISK ASSESSMENT

D. Nikolopoulos¹, A. Louizi¹, V. Koukouliou², H. Lobotessi¹ and C. Proukakis¹

1) Medical Physics Department, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece.

2) Greek Atomic Energy Commission, Athens, Greece

79

80

MEASUREMENTS OF DOSE RATE AND RADON GAS CONCENTRATION IN SCHOOLS AND KINDERGARTENS CONSTRUCTED WITH USING COAL-SLAG AS BUILDING MATERIAL

Cs. Nemeth¹, J. Somlai² and B. Kanyar²

1) Department of Physics, University of Veszprem

2) Department of Radiochemistry, University of Veszprem, Hungary

81

RADON MONITORING AT THE JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE – ISPRA

S. Verdelocco, D. Walker, P. Turkowsky, and C. Osimani

Joint Research Centre – Ispra, Radiation Protection Unit, Ispra, Italy

82

83

RADON MAPPING IN CLUJ-NAPOCA CITY-A   RADON PRONE AREA FROM ROMANIA

C. Cosma¹, D. Ristoiu¹ and A. Poffijn²

1) University Babes-Bolyai, Faculty of Physics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

2) University of Gent, Nuclear Physics Laboratory, Ghent, Belgium

84

IDENTIFICATION OF RADON AFFECTED WORK AND LIVING PLACES AND METHODS FOR THE REDUCTION OF THE RADON EXPOSURE

T. Streil
SARAD GmbH , Dresden, Germany

85

SIZE DISTRIBUTION, EQUILIBRIUM RATIO AND UNATTACHED FRACTION OF RADON DECAY PRODUCTS UNDER TYPICAL INDOOR DOMESTIC CONDITIONS

C. Huet¹, G. Tymen¹ and D. Boulaud²

1) Laboratoire de Recherches Appliquees Atmosphere-Hydrosphere, Faculte des Sciences, Brest Cedex, France

2) Laboratoire de Physique et Metrologie des Aerosols, Institut de Protection et de Surete Nucleaire, CEA Saclay, France.

86

STUDY ON A NEW METHOD FOR REDUCING RADON LEVEL IN INDOOR AIR

Takao Iida, Takayuki Kato and Hiroki Mochizuki

Department of Nuclear Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Japan

87

88

89

90

RADIUM DISTRIBUTION IN SOILS, ANALYSED WITH SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION, AND ITS EFFECT ON RADON EMANATION

Cecilia Edsfeldt

Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Engineering Geology, Stockholm, Sweden

91

INFLUENCE OF UNDERGROUND MINING ON THE GEOGENIC RADON POTENTIAL

R. Klingel¹ and J. Kemski²

1) Institute of Geology, Bonn University, Germany

2) Kemski, Klingel & Veerhoff, Consulting Geologists Bonn, Germany

92

THE IOWA RADON LUNG CANCER STUDY: CONTEMPORARY AND HISTORICAL AIRBORNE RADON (²²²Rn) AND RADON PROGENY CONCENTRATIONS

Daniel J. Steck¹ and R. William Field²

1) Physics Department, St. John’s University, Collegeville, USA

2) College of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA

93

THE IOWA RADON LUNG CANCER STUDY Phase I: RESIDENTIAL RADON GAS EXPOSURE AND LUNG CANCER

R. William Field¹, Daniel J. Steck², Brian J. Smith¹, Christine P. Brus¹, Eileen F. Fisher¹, John S. Neuberger³, and Charles F. Lynch¹

1) College of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health,University of Iowa, USA

2) Physics Department, St. John’s University, Collegeville, USA

3) Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, USA.

94

95

INTEGRATED NATURAL RADIATION EXPOSURE STUDIES IN STABLE YUGOSLAV RURAL COMMUNITIES

Z.S. Zunic¹, J.P. McLaughlin², C. Walsh², A. Birovljev³, S.E. Simopoulos⁴, B. Jakupi⁵,V. Gordanic⁶, M. Demajo¹, F. Trotti⁷, R. Falk⁸, H. Vanmarcke⁹, J. Paridaens⁹ and K. Fujimoto¹⁰

1) Radiation Medicine Department, Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinca”, Belgrade, Yugoslavia

2) Physics Department, University College Dublin, Belfield, Ireland

3) Environmental Protection Department, Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Osteras, Norway

4) Nuclear Engineering Section, Mechanical Engineering Department, National Technical University of Athens, Greece

5) Physics Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Pristina, Yugoslavia

6) Geoinsitute, Belgrade, Yugoslavia

7) Venetian Reference Laboratory for Environmental Radioactivity,CRR-ARPAV, Verona CRR-Policlinico B. Roma, Italy

8) SSI, Stockholm, Sweden

9) SCK-CEN,   Mol, Belgium

10) Human Radiation Environment Division, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.

96

97

EFFECTS OF VENTILATION ON RADON CONCENTRATIONS IN NORWEGIAN KINDERGARTENS

A.Birovljev, T.Strand and A.Heiberg

Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, P.O.Box 55, N-2345 Osteras, Norway

98

RETROSPECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF HISTORIC RADON CONCENTRATIONS IN NORWEGIAN DWELLINGS BY MEASURING GLASS IMPLANTED Po-210 – AN INTERNATIONAL FIELD INTERCOMPARISON

Aleksandar Birovljev¹, Rolf Falk², Ciara Walsh³, Francesca Bissolo⁴, Flavio Trotti⁴, James P. McLaughlin³ , Johan Paridaens⁵, Hans Vanmarcke⁵ and Anikken Heiberg¹

1) Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority,  (NRPA) Osteras, Norway

2) Swedish Radiation Protection Institute, (SSI) Stockholm, Sweden

3) Physics Dept, University College Dublin, (UCD) Ireland

4) CRR-ULSS Verona,   Italy

5) SCK-CEN, Mol, Belgium

99

LABORATORY ASSESSMENT OF FLEXIBLE THIN-FILM MEMBRANES AS A PASSIVE BARRIER TO RADON GAS DIFFUSION

W. Z.   Daoud and K. J. Renken

University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Mechanical Engineering Department, Radon Reduction Technology Laboratory, USA

100

LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS OF ELECTRO-OSMOTIC PULSING TECHNOLOGY IN REDUCING RADON SOIL GAS DIFFUSION
THROUGH A CONCRETE SLAB

Y. S. Nam and K. J. Renken

University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Mechanical Engineering Department Radon Reduction Technology Laboratory, USA

101

102

A SURVEY TO MAP AREAS WITH ELEVATED INDOOR RADON LEVELS IN VENETO

F. Trotti,   A. Tanferi,  F.Bissolo, R. Fustegato, M. Lanciai, P. Mozzo, F. Predicatori, P.Querini, F. Righetti and A. Tacconi

CRR-ARPAV-Dipartimento di Verona Ospedale Policlinico, Verona, Italy

103

THE EFFECT OF UNDERGROUND NATURAL CHRONIC EXPOSURE OF FEMALE WISTAR RATS IN URANIUM MINE TO HIGH LEVEL OF RADON-222 PROGENY

Stela Ramboiu¹, E. Bordas¹ and Adriana Olinic²

1) Institute of Public Health, Cluj–Napoca, Romania

2) University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Histology Department, Cluj–Napoca, Romania

104

²¹⁰Pb CONCENTRATION IN SOIL IN POLAND AND ITS BEHAVIOUR IN RADON RICH REGIONS

B. Myslek-Laurikainen¹, S. Wolkowicz², R. Strzelecki², M. Biernacka³ and M. Matul¹

1) The Andrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Otwock-Swierk, Poland

2) Polish Geological Institute, Warsaw, Poland

3) Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Warsaw, Poland

105

ESTIMATION OF RADON CONCENTRATION IN HOUSE USING A SIMPLE VENTILATION MODEL

B. Collignan and J.R. Millet

C.S.T.B. - Centre Scientifique et Technique du Batiment, France

106

RADIOACTIVITY IN BALNEOTHERAPY IN HUNGARY AND SLOVENIA

P.Szerbin¹, J.Vaupotic², Gy.Koteles¹, I.Csige³, I.Kobal² and I.Hunyadi³,

1) "Frederic Joliot-Curie" National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, POB 101, 1775 Budapest, Hungary

2) “J. Stefan“ Institute, Jamova 39, POB 3000, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia

3) Institute of Nuclear Research of Hungarian Academy of Science, POB 51, 4001 Debrecen, Hungary

107

RESULTS OF PILOT STUDIES   OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION OF URANIUM MINING TAILINGS PONDS IN HUNGARY

Laszlo Juhasz¹, Pavel Szerbin¹, Zsuzsa Lendvai², Mihaly Csovari², Istvan Benkovics², Andras Varhegyi², Bela Kanyar³, B. and Zoltan Varkonyi³

1) "Frederic Joliot-Curie" National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary

2) Mecsek Ore Mining Company, Pecs, Hungary

3) Veszprem University, Veszprem, Hungary

108

FACTORS AFFECTING THE RADIATION DOSE TO INHABITANTS IN A SMALL NEW HOUSING ESTATE IN THE NETHERLANDS

P. de Jong and W. van Dijk

TNO Centre for Radiological Protection and Dosimetry, Arnhem, The Netherlands

109

SEDIMENTS AND RADON – A DANGEROUS COMBINATION? A CASE STUDY FROM KINSARVIK, NORWAY

V.Valen¹, O.Soldal², T.Strand³, C.L.Jensen.³  and   A.V.Sundal⁴

1) InterConsult Group ASA, P.box. 69 Sandsli, N-5861 Bergen, Norway

2) Instanes as, Storetveitveien 96, N-5072 Bergen

3) Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, P.box 55, N-1332 Osteras

4) Department of Geology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen,

110

THE EFFECTS OF INDOOR GAMMA DOSE RATE, PERMEABILITY OF SOIL, SUBSTRUCTURE, AND VENTILATION ON INDOOR RADON CONCENTRATION.

Ilona Makelainen, Hannu Arvela and Anne Voutilainen
STUK (Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority) Helsinki, Finland

111

112

DIFFERENT STUDIES ON BUILDING MATERIALS

M.C. Faisca and M.M.R. Teixeira

ITN/DPRSN, Sacavem, Portugal

113

THE SPANISH RADON PROGRAM: ACHIEVEMENTS AND FUTURE

L.S. Quindos¹, P.L. Fernandez¹, J. Gomez¹, C. Rodenas¹, J.L. Butrageno², J.L.Martin² and M.J. Munoz²

1) Medical Physics Department. Faculty of Medicine. University of Cantabria, Spain

2) Spanish Nuclear Safety Council, Madrid, Spain

114

RESULTS OF A SIMPLE INTERCOMPARISON OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS USING A "BLUE CONCRETE" SAMPLE

L.S. Quindos¹, P.L. Fernandez¹, J. Gomez¹, P. Jovanovic², H. Arvela³ and K. Verterbacka³

1) Medical Physics Department. Faculty of Medicine. University of Cantabria,   Spain

2) Institute of Occupational Safety, Ljubljana, Slovenia

3) Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority  STUK, Helsinki, Finland

115

LEGISLATION ON RADON  

G. Akerblom

Swedish Radiation Protection Institute

SE-171 16 Stockholm, Sweden

116

FIELD EXPERIENCE WITH VOLUME TRAPS FOR ASSESSING RETROSPECTIVE RADON EXPOSURES

Johan Paridaens¹, Hans Vanmarcke¹, Zora Zunic¹ and James P. McLaughlin²

1) Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", Radiation Medicine Department, Belgrade, Yugoslavia

2) University College Dublin, Physics Department, Ireland

117

RADON EXPOSURE VERSUS    EXPOSURE TO OTHER SOURCES OF IONISING RADIATION

H. Vanmarcke and J. Paridaens

Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK-CEN, Radiation Protection Department, Mol, Belgium

118

CONCENTRATIONS AND DEPOSITION RATES OF ²²⁰Rn PROGENY IN HOUSES

Weihai Zhuo and Takao Iida

Department of Nuclear Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering,Nagoya University, Japan

119

120

RADON CONCENTRATIONS IN THE 1998 NORWEGIAN HOUSING STOCK

T.Strand, A.Heiberg and G.Thommesen

Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority

P.O.Box 55, N-1345 Osteras, Norway

121

AREAS WITH HIGH RADON LEVELS IN ITALY

F. Bochicchio¹, S. Bucci², M. Bonomi³, G. Cherubini⁴, C. Giovani⁵, M. Magnoni⁶, L. Minach⁷ and P. Sabatini⁸

1) Physics Laboratory, ISS (Italian National Institute of Health), Roma, Italy

2) Fisica Ambientale, ARPAT, Firenze, Italy

3) Settore Laboratorio e Controlli, APPA, Trento, Italy

4) Laboratorio Fisica Ambientale, ARPAL, Italy

5) Az. Osp. S.Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy

6) Dipartimento di Ivrea, ARPA Piemonte, Ivrea, Italy

7) Laboratorio di Chimica e Fisica, APPA, Bolzano, Italy

8) Fisica Sanitaria, Policlinico Monteluce, Perugia, Italy

122

RESULTS OF THE NATIONAL SURVEY ON RADON INDOORS  IN ALL THE 21 ITALIAN REGIONS

F. Bochicchio¹, G.Campos Venuti¹, S.Piermattei², G.Torri², C.Nuccetelli¹, S.Risica¹ and L.Tommasino²

1) Physics Laboratory, ISS (Italian National Institute of Health), Roma, Italy

2) ANPA (National Agency for Environmental Protection), Roma, Italy

123

ALPHA AND GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY METHODS FOR THORON PROGENY IMPLANTED IN GLASSES AND OTHER MATERIALS

C. Cosma¹ and I. Chereji²

1) University of Babes-Bolyai, Faculty of Physics, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

2) Atomic Physics Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

124

RADON RETROSPECTIVE DOSIMETRY FOR THE CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN LAZIO REGION: A FEASIBILITY STUDY

F. Bochicchio¹, J.P. McLaughlin² and C. Walsh²

1) Physics Laboratory, ISS (Italian National Institute of Health), Roma, Italy

2) Department of Experimental Physics, University College Dublin, Ireland

125

APPROACH TO IDENTIFICATION OF RADON AREAS IN GERMANY

R. Lehmann¹ , J. Kemski², A. Siehl² and R. Stegemann²

1) Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Berlin, Germany

2) Institute of Geology of Bonn University, Bonn, Germany

126

127

RADIOENVIRONMENTAL SURVEY OF THE MEGALOPOLIS LIGNITE FIELD BASIN

P.K.Rouni, N.P.Petropoulos, M.J.Anagnostakis, E.P.Hinis and S.E.Simopoulos
Nuclear Engineering Section, Mechanical Engineering Dept.,National Technical University of Athens, Greece

128

THE EFFECT OF HUMIDITY ON THE RADON COUNTING EFFICIENCY OF INTEGRATED INSTRUMENTS

N.P.Petropoulos, E.P.Hinis, S.E.Simopoulos

Nuclear Engineering Section, Mechanical Engineering Dept.

National Technical University of Athens, 15780, Greece

129

BUILDING MATERIALS PHOTON ATTENUATION, NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY CONTENT AND RADON EXHALATION   RATE

N.P.Petropoulos, M.J. Anagnostakis and   S.E. Simopoulos
Nuclear Engineering Section, Mechanical Engineering Dept., National Technical University of Athens, Greece

130

BUILDING MATERIALS RADON EXHALATION RATE:
ERRICCA INTERCOMPARISON EXERCISE RESULTS

N.P. Petropoulos, M.J. Anagnostakis, and S.E. Simopoulos
Nuclear Engineering Section, Mechanical Engineering Dept., National Technical University of Athens, Greece

131

PRELIMINARY RADON SURVEY IN GREECE   (B)

A. Geranios¹, M. Kakoulidou¹, Ph. Mavroidi², S. Fischer³, I. Burian⁴ and J. Holecek⁴

1) Nuclear and Particle Physics Section, Physics Department, University of Athens, Greece

2) Graduate student, Environmental Technology, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, U.K.

3) Astronomical Institute of the Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic

4) Institute for Testing and Disaster Medicine, Milin, Czech Republic

132

RADON SURVEY IN KALAMATA (GREECE)

A. Geranios¹, M. Kakoulidou¹, Ph. Mavroidi², M. Moschou³, S. Fischer⁴, I. Burian⁵ and J. Holecek⁵

1) Nuclear and Particle Physics Section, Physics Department, University of Athens, Greece

2) Graduate student, Environmental Technology, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, U.K.

3) Student at the Physics Department of the Athens University, Greece

4) Astronomical Institute of the Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic

5) Institute for Testing and Disaster Medicine, Milin, Czech Republic

133

INDOOR RADON SURVEY IN A URANIUM AREA FROM ROMANIA

G.N.Sandor¹, A.Poffijn² , C.Cosma³

1) R&D Institute for Rare and Radioactive Metals, Research Laboratory for Radiation Protection,Working Conditions and Ecology 9 Cuza Voda Str; 3638 Stei, Romania

2) Nuclear Physics Laboratory, Radon Research Group, University of Gent

Proeftuinstraat 86, 9000-Gent, Belgium

3) Physics Dept., University "Babes-Bolyai", 1 M. Kogalniceanu Str; 3400 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

134

PERSONAL MONITORING OF WORKERS IN IRISH WORKPLACES

J. S. Madden and A. T. McGarry

Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland Dublin, Ireland.

135

RADON MITIGATION IN BLOCKS OF   FLATS

H. Arvela

Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority – STUK, Helsinki, Finland

136

THE NATIONAL RADON SURVEY IN IRELAND

S.G. Fennell, G.M. Mackin, J.S. Madden and A.T. McGarry

Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland

137

RADON RISK MAPPING IN IRELAND

S.G. Fennell¹, Y. Pawitan², G.M. Mackin¹, J.S. Madden¹ and A.T. McGarry¹

1) Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland

2) Department of Statistics, University College Dublin, Ireland

138

THE CALIBRATION LABORATORIES FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF RADON AND SHORT-LIVED RADON PROGENY AT THE FEDERAL OFFICE FOR RADIATION PROTECTION (BfS)

Peter Hamel and Volkmar Schmidt

Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Protection Section 1.2, Berlin, Germany

139

MEASUREMENTS OF DEPOSITION VELOCITY OF RADON DECAY PRODUCTS FOR EXAMINATION OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN AIR ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION OF RADON AND THE ACCUMULATED Po-210 SURFACE ACTIVITY

V.Schmidt and P. Hamel

Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Protection, Section 1.2, Berlin, Germany

140

THE CONCERTED ACTION "RETROSPECTIVELY ESTIMATED RADON IN AREAS AFFECTED BY URANIUM MINING ACTIVITIES”

Peter Hamel

Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Protection, Section 1.2, Berlin, Germany

141

A GEOCHEMICAL APPROACH TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF A RADON-AFFECTED AREA

V. Gordanic¹, Z.S. Zunic² and J.P.McLaughlin³

1) Geoinstitute, Belgrade, Yugoslavia

2) Radiation Medicine Department, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", Belgrade, Yugoslavia

3) Physics Department, University College Dublin, Ireland

142

143

CORRELATION OF ²¹⁰Po IMPLANTED IN GLASS WITH RADON GAS EXPOSURE: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL PARAMETERS USING A MONTE-CARLO APPROACH

C. Walsh and J.P. McLaughlin

Department of Experimental Physics, University College Dublin, Ireland

144

ASSESSMENTS OF GLASS IMPLANTED ²¹⁰Po IN YUGOSLAVIAN HOUSES: RESULTS OF AN INTERNATIONAL INTERCOMPARISON AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF METHODS

Z.S.Zunic¹, F.Trotti², A.Birovljev³, F.Bissolo², R.Falk⁴, J.P.McLaughlin⁵, A.Tanferi² and C.Walsh⁵

1) «Vinca» Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Yugoslavia

2) CRR (Regional Centre for Radioactivity of Veneto) - ARPAV, Verona, Italy

3) NRPA (Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority), Norway

4) SSI (Swedish Radiation Protection Institute), Stockholm, Sweden

5) UCD (University College of Dublin), Physics Department, Dublin, Ireland

145

ALPHA PARTICLE EMISSION FROM REFERENCE GLASS SURFACES IMPLANTED WITH ²¹⁰Po

Christer Samuelsson¹, Rolf Falk² and Birgitta Roos¹

1) Department of Radiation Physics, The Jubileum Institute, Lund University, Lund University Hospital, Sweden

2) Swedish Radiation Protection Institute, SSI, Stockholm, Sweden

147

148

146

ALPHA-RECOIL IMPLANTATION PROBABILITY IN A GLASS SURFACE FROM THE DECAY OF DEPOSITED POLONIUM-218

B.Roos and C.Samuelsson

Department of Radiation Physics, The Jubileum Institute, Lund University,

Lund University Hospital, SE 221 85 LUND, Sweden

149

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS OF THE AUSTRIAN RADON MITIGATION PROJECT ‘SARAH‘

F.J. Maringer¹, M.G. Akis², H. Kaineder³, P. Kindl⁴, C. Kralik⁵, H. Lettner⁶, S. Lueginger⁷, E. Nadschlager, W. Ringer⁸, R. Rolle⁶, F. Schonhofer⁵, S. Sperker³, H. Stadtmann², F. Steger², F. Steinhausler⁶, M. Tschurlovits⁹ and R. Winkler⁶

1) Arsenal Research, Wien

2) Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf

3) Office of the Upper Austrian Government, Linz

4) Technical University of Graz

5) Federal Institute for Food Control and Research, Wien

6) University of Salzburg

7) Architectural Office Lueginger, Linz

8) Federal Institute for Food Control, Linz

9) Atominstitute of Austrian Universities, Wien

150

GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETRY: INTRA- AND INTERLABORATORY TEST OF THE DUTCH PROTOCOL 

E.R. van der Graaf, L.B.Venema and R.J. de Meijer

Nuclear Geophysics Division, Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Nether-lands

151

RADIATION PERFORMANCE INDEX FOR DUTCH DWELLINGS : CONSEQUENCES FOR SOME TYPICAL SITUATIONS  

E.R. van der Graaf¹, L.E.J.J. Schaap² and G. Bosmans³

1) Nuclear Geophysics Division, Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut, University of Groningen, The Netherlands

2) Lichtveld Buis & Partners, Utrecht, The Netherlands

3) Intron BV, Sittard, The Netherlands

152

THEORETICAL STUDY OF THE RADON EMANATION COEFFICIENT FOR GRANULAR MATERIAL: INFLUENCE OF PACKING AND WATER

A. Ozgumus¹, R. Barillon², A. Chambaudet¹ and J.E. Groetz¹

1) Laboratoire de Microanalyses Nucleaires, U.F.R. des Sciences et Techniques, Universite de Franche-Comte, Besancon Cedex, France

2) Laboratoire de Chimie Nucleaire, IRES, Universite Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France

153

RADON AND CLIMATIC MULTIPARAMETER ANALYSIS: AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR OPTIMIZATION AND VERIFICATION OF RADON-REDUCTION TECHNIQUES

V.Genrich

Genitron Instruments GmbH, Heerstrabe 149, D-60488 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

154

EXPERIENCES IN RADON-SAFE BUILDING IN FINLAND

H. Arvela

Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority – STUK, Helsinki, Finland

155

RADON PERMEABILITY AND RADON EXHALATION OF BUILDING MATERIALS

G. Keller, B. Hoffmann and T. Feigenspan

Institute of Biophysics, Universitaetskliniken, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany

156

RADON CONCENTRATION IN SOIL GAS: A COMPARISON OF THE VARIABILITY RESULTING FROM DIFFERENT METHODS, SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY, AND SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS

R. Winkler, F. Ruckerbauer and K. Bunzl

GSF-National Research Centre for Environment and Health,Institute of Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany

157

INDOOR AND ROCK ²²²Rn LEVELS IN ISRAEL - AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO RADON RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE SOUTH-EAST MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES

M.Shirav (Schwartz)¹, J.Shani², U.Vulkan³, I.Katzir², E.Neeman⁴, D.Feigin⁴, S.Brenner⁴

1) Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem 95501, Israel

2) Department of Pharmacology, The Hebrew University School of Pharmacy, Jerusalem 91120, Israel

3) Soreq Nuclear Research Center, Yavneh, Israel.

4) Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of the Environment, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel

158

EXPOSURE TO RADON/RADON DECAY PRODUCTS IN WATERWORKS

J. Schmitz and R. M. Nickels

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Karlsruhe

159

ATTACHED AND UNATTACHED RADON PROGENIES IN A GREEK DWELLING

A.Louizi¹, D.Nikolopoulos¹, A.Geranios², A.Skouras², and C.Proukakis¹

1) Medical Physics Department, University of Athens

2) Nuclear and Particle Physics Section, Physics Department, University of Athens

160

REDUCTION OF INDOOR AIR RADON CONTENTS IN GERMAN WATERWORKS BY REMOVAL OF RADON FROM WATER BY AERATION

Oliver Raff, Heike Funk and Rolf-Dieter Wilken

ESWE-Institute for Water Research and Water Technology, Wiesbaden, Germany

161

NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN THE SUB-SLAB FILLING GRAVEL OF FINNISH HOUSES

Kaj Vesterbacka and Hannu Arvela

STUK - Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Helsinki, Finland

162

163

DRAFT DIRECTIVE ON RADON GAS AND REDUCING HEALTH RISKS

AN OUTLINE FOR DISCUSSION BY ERRICCA

D.S.Papworth

Chairman of the UK’s independent and non-commercial regulatory body

the Radon Council.

164

RADON RISK MANAGEMENT: THE FUTURE CHALLENGE  FOR THE NUCLEAR COMMUNITY

F. Steinhausler

Institute of Physics and Biophysics, University of Salzburg, Austria

165

APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF LONG TERM EXPOSURE TO RADON AND ITS PROGENY

J.P. McLaughlin

Department of Experimental Physics, University College Dublin, Ireland

166

CHALLENGES IN HARMONISING CONTROLS ON THE RADIOACTIVITY OF BUILDING MATERIALS WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION

M. Markkanen

Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) Helsinki, Finland

167

168

IN SITU GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY TO CHARACTERISE BUILDING MATERIALS AS RADON AND THORON SOURCES

Cristina Nuccetelli¹ and Chiara Bolzan²

1) Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy

2) Fellow of the Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Health

169

SEASONAL VARIATION OF RADON CONCENTRATION - MEASUREMENTS IN SOME EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Gilbert Jonsson¹, Carmen Baixeras², Lluis Font², Diego Albarracin², Giuseppe Cotellessa³, Wolfgang Enge⁴, Klaus Freyer⁵, Rana Ghose⁴, Michel Monnin⁶, Giuliano Sciocchetti³ and Hanns-Christian Treutler⁶

1) Department of Physics, University of Lund, Sweden

2) Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Depart. de Fisica, Spain,

3) ENEA-CRE, Casaccia Roma, Dipartim. Ambiente, Roma, Italy

4) Institut fur Exp. und Angew. Physik der Universitat Kiel, Germany

5) Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle, S. Analytik, Leipzig, Germany

6) CNRS, Universite Montpellier II, Institut des Sciences de la Terre, de l Eau et de l Espace, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

171

170

INDOOR RADON DAUGHTER DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOUR IN A LOW VENTILATION DWELLING

L.Sajo Bohus¹, J.Rodriguez¹, E.Toth², G.Marx² and J.Liendo¹

1) Universidad Simon Bolivar, Departamento de Fisica – Caracas, Venezuela

2) Eotvos L. University, Atom Physics Department Budapest Hungary

172

EXPERIMENTAL DIFFICULTIES AND STANDARDISATION NEEDS IN MEASURING NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY BY GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETRY

P.De Felice¹, A.Fazio¹, G.Grisanti², C.Nuccetelli², S.Risica²

1) National Institute for Metrology of Ionising Radiations,

ENEA Casaccia Research Centre, P.O. Box 2400, I-00100 Rome, Italy

2) Physics Department, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy

173

A FIRST STEP TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR MODELLING INDOOR RADON LEVELS

Ll. Font, C. Baixeras, C. Domingo and F. Fernandez

Grup de Fisica de les Radiacions, Edifici Cc. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain

174

UNCERTAINTY, VARIABILITY AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS APPLIED TO THE RAGENA MODEL OF RADON GENERATION, ENTRY AND ACCUMULATION INDOORS

Ll. Font, C. Baixeras and C. Domingo

Grup de Fisica de les Radiacions. Edifici Cc. Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain

175

176

RADON FLUX DENSITY MEASUREMENTS ON SOIL SURFACES

I.C